People’s congresses of townships, ethnic townships and towns
The term of office of people’s congresses of townships, ethnic townships and towns is three years. Such a people’s congress establishes a presidium headed by the chairman and vice chairmen. The presidium is responsible for convening the meetings of the people’s congress.
The functions and powers of the people’s congresses of townships, ethnic townships and towns mainly include the following:
1. The power to examine and decide on major issues
To decide on the plans for the construction of local economy, cultural undertakings and public understandings, in accordance with national plans; to examine and approve local financial budgets and report on the implementation of the budgets; and to decide on the implementation plans for civil work in their own regions.
2. The power to elect, appoint and remove local functionaries
To elect or recall the heads and deputy heads of the townships, ethnic townships and towns.
Candidates for the heads and deputy heads of the townships, ethnic townships and towns are to be nominated by the presidiums of the people’s congresses or no less than ten deputies.
The presidiums or more than one-fifth of the deputies to the people’s congresses of the townships, ethnic townships and towns may propose the removal of the above-mentioned functionaries when the people’s congresses are in session. The proposal of removal are submitted to the congresses by the presidiums.
All elections are by secret ballot.
3. The power of supervision
To examine the work report of the governments of the townships, ethnic townships and towns, annul their inappropriate decisions and decrees, and recall or remove functionaries making up the governments of the townships, ethnic townships and towns.
VI. Deputies to the people’s congresses
1. The election of deputies
Deputies to the NPC are elected by the people’s congresses of the provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government and by the armed forces.
Deputies to the people’s congresses of the provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and cities divided into districts are elected by the people’s congresses at the next lower level.
Deputies to the people’s congresses of counties, cities not divided into districts, municipal districts, townships, ethnic townships and towns are elected directly by the electorates.
2. The rights of the deputies
(1) During the session
1) Right to draft proposals for bills;
2) Right to raise suggestions, criticisms and put forward opinions;
3) Right to vote in election and decide on appointment;
4) Right to examine issues;
5) Right to propose the recall of functionaries;
6) Right to raise bills for questioning and conduct hearings;
7) Right to draft suggestions;
8) Right to vote; and
9) Right to impunity.
(2) Not in session
1) Right to maintain contact with original voting units;
2) Right to inspect;
3) Right to propose provisional sessions;
4) Right to audit other meetings;
5) Right to participate in committees for investigating specified issues;
6) Right to sit in meetings of the people’s congress and its standing committee of the original unit the deputy is elected from;
7) Right of special protection of the person; and
8) Right to privileges for deputies.
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